Chemical and Process Engineering
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Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams
Preparation P&IDs, representing equipment, interconnecting pipe work, instrumentation and control loops, can be prepared to the level of details required by the project. P&IDs can include:
	Typical level:		Conceptual		Front End		For Review		Final
	Main process items		X		X		X		X
	Stream flags		X		X		X		X
	Main control loops		X		X		X		X
	Other control loops				X		X		X
	Instrumentation				X		X		X
	Emergency shut down				X		X		X
	Sumps and bunds				X		X		X
	Relief devices				X		X		X
	Strainers / Filters				X		X		X
	Fluid / line coding				X		X		X
	Insulation				X		+ Tracing		+ Tracing
	Alarms and trips						X		X
	Temporary strainers						X		X
	Piping vents / drains						X		X
	Sampling points						X		X
	Equipment nozzle ID						X		X
	Line falls / slopes						X		X
	Wall/roof penetrations						X		X
	Orifice plates						Not sized		Sized
	Line sizing and reducers				Preliminary except relief streams		All except relief streams		All
	Other project specific features may also be included.
P&ID Checking Checking of each P&ID includes ensuring that: · The correct drawing format has been used. · The required level of detail has been provided for that issue (eg preliminary, for review, for detailed design, for construction). · Streams entering or leaving the diagram are accounted for on other diagrams. · Tagging is complete. · Equipment is in agreement with the equipment list and process data sheets. · Piping codes are consistent with the fluid index. · Trace heating and insulation requirements have been met. · There are adequate means of isolation for maintenance of equipment and instruments.
Associated Documentation Other process engineering documents can also be prepared in conjunction with the P&ID. For example: · Instrument list · Alarm and trip schedule · Line list. · Valve list. · Trap list. · Relief device list. · Orifice list. · Process vents list. · Schedule of special items (eg strainers, flash vessels etc).